Revisiting Sophocles
by christopher grobe | June 19, 2008 8:40 AM | Permalink | Comments (2)
The typical praise for a production of a classical play like Sophocles's Antigone is that it makes the play seem "shockingly up-to-date." That usually means the director and actors have successfully paddled out into the strongest currents of contemporary culture -- usually political culture -- without capsizing. For better or worse, The Burial at Thebes, a new version of Antigone adapted by Nobel Prize-winning poet Seamus Heaney and brought to New Haven's Festival of Arts & Ideas by the Nottingham Playhouse Theatre Company (UK), seems to be looking for this sort of accolade.
This classical Greek tragedy concerns the collision between two forms of law: legal and moral, human and divine. Antigone's brother, Polyneices, has died in a rebellious attack on his homeland, Thebes. Seeking to make an example of Polyneices, Antigone's uncle Creon, King of Thebes, forbids anyone to bury or honor the body. As the corpse lies rotting in the field, however, Antigone decides to respectfully dispose of her brother's body, thus setting herself up as a proponent of "the law of the gods," against her uncle -- a representative of "the law of men." Through a series of debates and discussions, the play explores the complexity of moral judgment and the dangers of self-righteousness and blind dogmatism.
For a play promoting healthy skepticism and humble circumspection, though, The Burial at Thebes comes across as strangely doctrinaire, to the point of hypocrisy. This is not a contradiction inherent in Sophocles's tragedy, but one created by Heaney and emphasized by director Lucy Pitman-Wallace. In this version of Antigone, Creon is a glad-handing politician with a bitterly misogynistic outlook and the emotional maturity of a 3-year-old. Antigone, by contrast, is a pure, proto-feminist ingénue with all the stoical determination of a martyred saint. These black-and-white characterizations blur the finer nuances of the play, reducing it too quickly to a lament over the repression of the Obvious Heroine by Oblivious Tyrant.
This reductive outlook is exacerbated by a misguided attempt to be "shockingly up-to-date." With outsized emphasis on such phrases as "patriotic duty" and on accusations of being "anti-Theban," The Burial at Thebes blatantly (almost embarrassingly) injects the rhetoric of the so-called War on Terror into this ancient Greek tale. I almost expected a messenger to arrive in the climactic moment of the tragedy to inform Creon that his approval rating had dipped to 29 percent; that's how blatant the wink and the nudge were. Unfortunately, this brings the worst of contemporary polarization and polemic to Sophocles's ancient tale. There has to be a middle ground between the cautiously apolitical interpretations that Sophocles typically receives and the propagandistic tinge given to this Antigone.
Beyond this basic misstep, the translation is solid and engaging. Heaney manages to find a compact, colloquial tone for the play's many debate-scenes. Particularly fresh is his version of the scene where Haeman delicately attempts to criticize his headstrong father, Creon. In this scene, Heaney's talent for deft psychological portraits is undeniable. However, amid all this prosaic dialogue, Heaney allows far too little of his famously rough-edged poetry to emerge.
One unqualified success, in both poetic and dramatic terms, is the role of Tiresias, performed with just the right mixture of mythological grandness and cranky exasperation by Richard Evans. Tiresias's long monologue detailing the spread of pestilence (literal and figurative) from the rotting corpse of Antigone's brother, Polyneices, showcases Heaney's signature blend of soaring lyricism and earthy detail to great effect.
If only the translation and production had practiced the anti-dogmatism it preaches, this could have been a great and though-provoking version of a familiar classic.
Comments
Posted by: Simon Gallimaufry | June 19, 2008 2:49 PM
It is entirely misguided to focus the review on the political modernity of translation, with few words for the production itself.
The Nottingham production was not similarly "modern." There were no cutting edge gimmicks in this production - instead, it followed very closely the ancient theatrical traditions of a bare round stage (the orchestra) and the skene upstage; a sung chorus; no props; bare minimum in effects (some smoke) and the like.
The production demonstrated the awful tension of the original text right from the first entrance of Antigone and Ismene through to the play's resolution without those false tricks designed to consescendgly "update" a piece for a presumably dumb audience, such as we have seen before (was it Romeo & Juliet staged in a pizza parlor and presented in Lithuanian with English subtitles a few years ago? that was a sickness on stage)
The actors spoke and moved elegantly -- diction, vocal timbre, pacing, emotive content, movement upon stage -- were all indicative of the theatrical training that the English pride themselves upon -- and which we, sadly, do not. Whatever choices the director made as to portrayal is, to me, secondary in importance -- the point is that there was a meaning intended and carried out through the body as an instrument of high value, demonstrating ideas of similarly great imporance. This is success for theater.
Nearly the entire cast was onstage for 80 minutes, in a constant interweaving of their parts as individual roles and as members of the greater chorus as well. That this stage planning was conceived and carried out apparently effortlessly over an entire evening is extraordinary.
The performance was a significant accomplishment, testifying to the validity of ideas contained in the work and the ancient (as best we can reconstruct it) method of their presentation.
Well done!
Posted by: Leslie Blatteau | June 20, 2008 2:54 PM
I also must disagree with this review. Mr. Grobe seems to be desparate to disparage the production for its attempt to be relevant to 21st century politics. Of course, we can connect the themes of Sophocles' piece to the tragic actions of leaders today. But what captivated me most was the way the ensemble embodied the culture and lifestyle of Ancient Greece: Their nuanced adjusting of their togas, their elegant music-making and prancing around the stark stage, and their rapturous obsession with and dedication to Zeus and the gods of Mount Olympus. This production gave me the opportunity to not only experience the tragic consequences of choices we as humans make, but also to imagine what it might have been like to be a human in Ancient Greece. Bravo! Nottingham has given me things to think about for weeks to come.
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