A Cry Goes Out: Bring Back Community Policing

by Paul Bass | July 9, 2007 5:05 PM | | Comments (15)

Greerville%201.JPGNeighborhood activists who remember the prime of community policing issued a plea — and a call to citizen action — to bring it back.

The plea came during a press conference Monday at the corner of Norton Street and Whalley Avenue, the crossroads of three neighborhoods struggling with increased shootings and youth crime: Whalley, Edgewood, and Beaver Hills (aka “WEB”).

Two members of the WEB management team joined an organizer of a new armed Edgewood citizens patrol to issue the plea. It was perhaps the most concise and detailed public expression to date of the brand of community policing that made New Haven a national model in the 1990s and that many frustrated people citywide feel has disappeared: neighborhood-based walking and bike cops; top cops who can negotiate gang truces and find other methods beyond arrests of defusing tensions; innovative new programs and problem-solving that enable the city to buck national crime trends.

“We once had a gem,” said WEB activist Francine Caplan. “It’s lost.”

Smuts%201.JPGDuring the press conference, city Chief Administrative Officer Rob Smuts (pictured) listened politely, then made himself available to the press to respond. “We do have community policing,” and New Haven remains on the cutting edge, he argued.

The two presentations illustrated the stark contrast between two points of view in New Haven: The DeStefano administration’s argument that community policing is thriving and continuing to make the city safer than ever; and a growing community sentiment that it died over the past three years.

“No One” Feels Safe

As cops coincidentally investigated a robbery that occurred just prior to the press conference at the Citizens Bank catty-corner at the Norton-Whalley intersection, the neighborhood activists decried what they called out-of-control crime.

Picture%20016.jpg“No one — no one — in this WEB district feels they are safe,” declared WEB’s Peaches Quinn (pictured). She spoke of rampant “fear, terror, a feeling of helplessness, hopelessness… Families need a sense of peace and order. Everybody has a story of an incident or a series of incidents that have changed their lives forever.”

To that end, Quinn called on neighbors to fill the Whalley-Norton substation Tuesday night at 7 for a WEB meeting with Police Chief Cisco Ortiz. She also called for a return to New Haven’s brand of community policing. “New Haven was a role model in the early 1990s for community-based policing,” she said. Officers left their cars for walking and bicycle beats, she said. The police chief met with gang leaders to help reduce violence; top cops were in contact with all sides of the street. “Police were the street workers.”

Quinn noted that the force has as many officers, between 380 and 390, as it did in the early 1990s, but far fewer are deployed in those walking and bike beats.

“The excuse that there is no community-based policing because of the lack of officers does not give credit to the rank and file officers. It is a philosophical decision made up on high,” echoed Eliezer Greer, organizer of the armed Edgewood patrol.

The fact that he and the WEB organizers appeared together at the conference was significant: Initially there were tensions between the two groups over the patrol’s decision to carry guns. After a mediated discussion, the groups found common cause on the larger shared conviction that they must push the city to reinstate community policing.

The police department last year started a program called ID-Net that represented the antithesis of central tenets of the 1990s community-policing program. It sent swarms of cops into one neighborhood at a time for arrest sweeps for low-level crimes and stop and frisks, to offer short-term relief to crime-plagued areas. A similar military-style program in the 1980s was called CAPACT. It failed to address crime long-term, as arrested people immediately returned to the streets; meanwhile it failed to develop crucial relationships between neighbors and regular beat cops. The alternative programs in 1990s New Haven — resisted fiercely at first by both the police union (under the same leadership as today) and the New Haven Register — including dismantling neighborhood-intimidation police teams (like the so-called “Beat-Down Posse’), treating even criminals with respects, and disciplining violent cops. An intensive focus was put on intelligence-gathering. New Haven’s crime rate plunged to its lowest level since the early ’60s; nationally recognized innovative programs were launched like the Yale Child Study Center partnership that links beat cops with child shrinks to counsel kids who witness violence. Police critics were invited to meet with officials — in at least one case, recruited to the force.

By contrast, when a new problem emerged two years ago — a spike in youth violence, the emergence of groups of kids committing crimes, a loss of confidence in community policing — the city and police brass at first denied the existence of a problem, then waited close to a year to start playing catchup. At the time top city staffers were helping the mayor run for governor, with the help of the police union. (The city scrapped ID-Net after the gubernatorial election.) The FBI had to come to town to arrest allegedly crooked cops in the narcotics unit; City Hall responded by spending money on a task force monitored by a citizen oversight board consisting of not a single police critic; City Hall officials (but not the chief) boycotted an overflow community meeting at the time filled with critics.

While shootings have risen 50 percent this year, City Hall has emphasized that crime continues to fall overall. However, the bulk of the falling numbers can be attributed to one factor: a new state law placing motor-vehicle registration stickers inside of windshields rather than on license plates, from which there were widespread thefts.

Meanwhile, nationally recognized creative innovations — and the plunges in urban crime rates in the face of national countertrends — have emerged in communities like High Point, North Carolina.

(Click here to read an op-ed by David R. Cameron published in Sunday’s Register that suggests what the city could learn from Boston in using community policing to combat gun violence.)

“Police departments from San Francisco, New York, all over the world came to New Haven in the ’90s,” said WEB’s Francine Caplan Monday. “[Then-Chief] Nick Pastore may have had opponents. But he got [officers] out of cars. He talked to people. He made sure people were on bicycles” and walking beats.

The philosophy and strategy must “come from the top,” the mayor and police chief, Caplan said. “They need to hear us. They need to do something. We know these are good people. We know they can do something.”

The Upbeat View

They are, insisted Chief Administrative Officer Rob Smuts, who oversees the police department.

Smuts%202.JPG“We do make national headlines” for innovative community-policing program, he said.”That’s what this” — he pointed to a button he was wearing [pictured] — “is about. It’s about problem-solving”

The button referred to the city’s plan to issue ID cards for people in town, including undocumented immigrants. That’s part of a larger strategy the city has pioneered to make immigrants feel safer here; it includes ordering cops not to inquire into immigrants’ legal status. The idea is to make immigrants feel more comfortable reporting crimes.

Smuts also noted that the city has put a dozen cops in schools. “We do deployment to solve problems.” Other cops are accompanying Yale child shrinks to the homes of the 170 teens identified as causing the most trouble in town. That’s intensive, innovative community policing, he said.

The city had 60 to 70 more officers at the height of community policing, according to Smuts. It is now actively recruiting new classes of trainees, which should allow for the return of walking and bike beats.

The city is also forming a new “street outreach workers” program linking people with credibility on the streets with cops to reach troubled youth. The program is modeled on successful efforts in Providence and Boston.

Smuts defended ID-Net for getting guns off the street. Such “interdiction” strategies must be part of an effective overall strategy, he argued.

“Yeah, we had a 50 percent [rise] in shootings. That is a real problem. That makes people feel less safe in this community,” Smuts observed. “It goes to trends that go beyond New Haven.”







Comments

Posted by: JackNH | July 9, 2007 7:10 PM

Time for Ortiz to go, folks?

Posted by: Bobby | July 9, 2007 7:10 PM

So on one feels safe in New Haven. Well no one feels safe in Los Angeles. Even many illegal aliens don't feel safe. Conclusion: it is too bad that many so called progressives just do not respect the law. If they did, they would first consider what is good for the citizens of their societies, rather than what is good for some side issue. Illegal aliens are not citizens. Citizens have not invited them here. The corrupt administration has invited them here. The two corrupt political parties have invited them here. When an outcry by the citizenry to stop amnesty and further illegal immigration occured a couple of weeks ago, many Republican Senators responded to this outcry. Almost no Democratic Senators did. In fact, they want to increase New Havens problems. Learn the lessons or suffer the consequences, like you are now doing.

Posted by: WEBbloger 1 | July 9, 2007 8:28 PM

Maybe Smuts just doesn't get, or, maybe he does, but, chooses to pull the wool over his own eyes.

Ok.. here it is again Smuts.. Stop playing the mind games and deploy your force to the streets full time. Maybe then, the ordinary loitering, trespassing, destructive teens will be deterred from graduating into full blown hard core crime. Currently, the teens have little or no respect for the police because they now know that if 5-0 is called, they won't respond, at least not in the first hour. Don't expect the street out reach workers to accomplish what the police will not.
There is no need to continue in this debate over symantics, the fact is the job is not and has not been done.

The point is, that without regular police presence, civil disobience is increasing at a faster rate all over the city, especially in NewHallville.

Fact:1. Just listen to the car music full blown all over the city.

Fact:2 Shootings continue unabated all over the city.

Fact: 3 Traffic violations down town, through the neighborhoods unabated at all hours.

Fact: 4 Roving gangs on bikes stopping motorist, harrassing and robbing, unabated.

Fact:5 Little or no corrdination between New Haven, Hamden, Southern Ct., Yale police and Yale NH Hospital police.

Fact: 6 N0 intervention, disruptions or arrest of top tier drug distributors since the 1990's.

These fact are undebatable.

Posted by: bugupit | July 9, 2007 10:06 PM

I saw lawn signs like that button "I Support"...
They may as well say "I support John DeStefano for (MAYOR) (GOVERNOR) (FILL IN BLANK)" Who paid for the signs and buttons? WHO PAID!? Tell us you budgetary numbskulls! Say, I have not seen many green lawnsigns. Perhaps two.

Posted by: FairHavenRes | July 9, 2007 11:08 PM

WOW for WEB.

Our statistic quoting, overly defensive, self defeating Chief Ortiz, killer of community policing, now has this guy Smuts defending and quoting community policing innovations. WOW. It is contageous, this defensive, statistic quoting, cover your eyes and ears approach to policing.

The medicine to change the philosophy is to change its architect. Our statistic quoting, Chief Ortiz has become a threat to public safety.

If our Mayor can not see that, then it might be time to raise up another candidate who can bring new management.

As far as the ID NET goes, it was a joke. It was a model made for Chief Ortiz, based on crime STATISTICS. Saturating the hood with cops just gets the thugs to lay low for awhile, and then, they crawl out of the holes to continue with business.

Time to start listening to the people of the city.

WE DO NOT FEEL SAFE.

KIDS ON BIKES TERRORIZING THE NEIGHBORHOOD. GUN FIRE IN THE STREETS, AND A LONG LONG HOT SUMMER TO GO.

Posted by: Gary Doyens | July 10, 2007 7:34 AM

The DeStefano Administration view from the ivory tower vs. the street view of the people it rules could not be more polar opposite. Rob Smuts is the perfect person to verbalize it. This political strategy is old and tired just like the people who practice it -- deny there is a problem, talk about statistics (compiled by the police department), denigrate the people calling for change, and have a political system that blocks out legitimate alternatives.

For the last four years, our tax bills have claimed the need for more money was in part based on the need for additional police. With this excellent analysis, we see what that has bought us. Ch. 8 is reporting this morning, on another community group on bikes, policing it's neighborhoods. Had enough?

Posted by: on whalley | July 10, 2007 8:06 AM

So if they can meet with gang leaders and know who they are why arent they arresting them?

I think he's exactly right when he says New Haven is on the cutting edge. ID-Net sends groups of cops to harass and lock down a block while two blocks away thug kids are robbing and shooting. Balance criminal terrorization with police terrorization. That's the globalist, new world order, SPP.gov way. Keep everyone afraid then when they can't fear any more take awasy whatever means they have of defending themselves. Gun bans are next, followed by knife bans all the while New Haven will adopt a London-esque surveillance grid just as NY is planning to do. What's happening in New Haven and every other city is a symptom. Eventually economic policies will force all rural citizens into the cities where they can be watched, controlled and taxed.

Remember that Smuts said NH is on the cutting edge. He knows exactly what he's talking about.

Posted by: nfjanette [TypeKey Profile Page] | July 10, 2007 10:44 AM

One issue with this article is that it combines reporting on the statements made by WEB spokespeople with some editorial opinions by the reporter. Community policing as envisioned by WEB may be somewhat different that than defined by the reporter. For example, the concern at WEB meetings I've heard expressed is to make it safe for lawful citizens to walk around their neighborhoods, not treating criminals with respect as mentioned in the reporters' description of former community policing efforts. I don't respect criminals - I want them in jail and away from my neighborhood.

The number one focus has to be on increasing the number of police officers available to cover walking and biking patrols - that's the community policing we need. That will provide officers more opportunities for interaction with residents and give them a better eye on the "street level". Mr. Smuts correctly states there are more officers in training - but we need to attract even more candidates for future classes, and we need to do it without breaking the bank for ourselves and future generations. There will have to be some fundamental discussions about police contracts, compensation, and pensions; we may need to consider raising pay to attract more and better candidates while prolonging the pension vesting period to avoid financial disaster 20 years down the road.

Posted by: Paul Bass [TypeKey Profile Page] | July 10, 2007 11:05 AM

One of the great advances of the '90s community-policing experiment -- and yes, one brought up specifically by speakers at the WEB press conference, which the poster did not attend -- was the end of this false notion that respecting people who commit crimes somehow keeps them on the street committing crimes. In fact, treating people with respect helped catch MORE of them in crimes, because the police had more trust in the community. Francine Caplan and Peaches Quinn both spoke at the press conference about how Chief Pastore and other top cops walked on all sides of the street, dealt respectfully with everyone from block watch organizers to agency heads to, yes, what are now called "the bad guys," to insist on law and order. We locked up a lot more gang leaders that way back then, for a longer time, than we do now.
"the concern ... is to make it safe for lawful citizens to walk around their neighborhoods, not treating criminals with respect." To consider those opposite ideas is to revert to the broken, ineffective, scary, failed style of policing New Haven suffered under in the '70s and '80s. Yes, more criminals (and innocent people) got beaten up by cops, cheered on by their chief, back then. And violent crime went through the roof, much higher than it is in Edgewood these days. Fascism and militarism might make people feel momentarily safer and stronger, but that feeling is based on an illusion.

Posted by: nfjanette [TypeKey Profile Page] | July 10, 2007 4:49 PM

You've present a false dichotomy and then argued against it. You seem to have an agenda to define community policing that is somewhat different that the residents of WEB have discussed. You have a right to that opinion, but you shouldn't mix it into reporting about WEB's more concise positions: we don't feel safe, and we want more police resources on the street in the form of walking and biking patrols backed up from the highest levels of city and police management.

The concept of "respecting criminals" was in no way a part of the WEB discussions that I attended on this topic when community policing was discussed. I attended both the monthly meeting and the special meeting held to discuss and debate this matter and to craft the language of the WEB position. Yes, we discussed the desire to have the police work in mutually respectful relationships with the groups you mentioned (block watch groups, local management teams, other agencies, etc.) and we want police officers to walk and bike on the "street level" so they can interact with residents and learn about the area and the people. But no, there was not what you are claiming is a concern - that the police are poorly handling criminals.

I am unaware of any conclusive proof to back your claim that the allegations of rough handling of criminals was in any way responsible for crime statistics of any time period. Let me state clearly I don't advocate beating criminals, but I do advocate giving the police as much training and as many weapons as is reasonable to deal with them as well to protect the police and the citizens - not the criminals. While we should always seek to protect the civil rights of citizens - yes, even criminals - you'll not find many fans of your concerns about how criminals are handled by the police by the residents that are living in fear in their own homes.

Posted by: Experience | July 10, 2007 7:43 PM

Please explain what experience Mr. Smuts has with overseeing the NHPD. He spent his entire time at city hall running with the mayor to campaign for gov. In fact he ran all the power point shows. Nice kid, but absolutely no experience. If he claims to have it. Then show us. I never saw him as a person with any knowledge of the NHPD when I worked as a department head. Time for a clean administartion.

By the way nice to see the mayor with, what six kids, at Yoga. Still did not hear a response to how New Haven coulds only graduate 986 kids, from both public and charter schools. Plus, don't charter schools take kids from outside New Haven? Does anyone have the facts. Mr. Iezzi asked a valid question, but recieved no follow up.

Posted by: tartanjug | July 11, 2007 7:30 AM

I and many others agree that Smuts does NOT have any experience that should allow him to be holding the important position of Chief Administrative Officer (CAO). We wonder why John Burtula really left the City and are disappointed in his leaving because he listened and talked to the community as an EXPERIENCED person with maturity and knowledge. We were just getting to know him and respect him when he suddenly left.
Mr. Smuts is always defensive and not knowledgeable about the issues that we are talking about. He really did not understand what community-based policing is and did not do his homework on a issue that was started here in New Haven in the 1990's. For someone with a Yale degree he has no smarts and is totally unaware of the realities of people's lives and comments to him.
As he stated at the press conference and quoted in the Register article and elsewhere he actually thinks that the illegal alien identity cards are an example of community-based policing because as he says, "it solves problems." He just doesn't get it and just for that statement alone the Mayor should put him in a campaign position because Smuts seems to always be in that campaign mode of telling us all how great everything is going!

Well, maybe he is in campaign mode now with the Mayor's re-election coming up along with all the Alderperson's that "support" the Mayor.
But if this Mayor wants respect from the community and hopes to have a strong, mature CAO that the Chiefs of Police and Fire report to Smuts is certainly NOT that person. It is an embarrassment to the City, to the Mayor and I can tell you firsthand, that when the appointment of Smuts to CAO was first announced everyone in my district thought it was a joke but
now that laugher is not funny anymore.
Do the right thing Mr.Mayor: conduct a national search for a worthy CAOfor your administration: replace Smuts now.

Posted by: here | July 27, 2007 12:53 PM

To nfjanette,

I find your comments worrisome, I really do. The WEB team has a representative on the citizens review board. All the management teams do.

You aren't explicit about it, but taking your comments on this story, other stories and comments at meetings I have formed an opinion that you are not that aware of the entire mission of the management teams.

I think you might think that your particular interests and desires for where the most emphasis should go, and what the aims should be are synonymous with the management teams' agendas.

I think you need to pause, step back and correct yourself a little.

You don't have to embrace every goal and every bit of the mission of communiity policing, but should be aware of where you diverge.

Taking your comments as a whole, over the last year or so, I find that with the exception of the desire for walking beats, your philosophy diverges with community policing and is more akin to the broken windows philosophy of the Guiliano adminsitration and even more militaristic and traditional forms of policing.

The NH police academy can supply you with its curriculum. It might help because the academy here was established for community policing and instituted a community policing curriculum.

The management teams can consider all goals and missions save one -- the abolition of community policing. The management teams are part of community policing. They were created to be so.

Officer conduct is a crucial element of community policing, thus the citizens review board representatives. The fact that this is no longer on the table, the fact that the rhetoric has changed, the fact that it is controversial to discuss it at management meetings, the fact that you are not even aware of it, is in fact one of the signs that community policing has died.

So I hope you take stock and study up a little. It would be downright subversive to try to get the management teams to abandon community policing.

Posted by: here | July 27, 2007 1:03 PM

PS to nfjanette,

I meant to comment also on your contention to Paul Bass that you are unaware of any stats supporting the notion that crime is reduced by CP style interaction with criminals.

That's like saying I am unaware of a fire hydrant on a street I have never been to, in a city I have never visited.

You seem just to have never looked into it.

This is why I find your comments especially worrisome -- you seem to have a strong desire not to look into it.

If you agree with WEB on more cops on the beat, then leave it at that. Don't try to get the group to abandon communuty policing.

Posted by: nfjanette [TypeKey Profile Page] | August 5, 2007 12:49 AM

"HERE",

I'm honored to be the subject of your analysis, although it's badly mistaken. There is no one definition of "community policing" and it may be that I don't support some criteria that you and others may find important - even critical. It may also be the opposite - that I believe certain ideas or programs are important to the effort, and you may disagree. That's why I believe it's important to distill the definition of the term "community policing" down to a small number of criteria that would be most commonly supported by the citizens involved. In this case, the establishment of walking and biking patrols is that lowest common denominator that all seem to support. I'll leave it to others to by flowers for the criminals that are caught by those patrols.

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