Long-Term Care: Grandma at 97
by Josiah Brown | September 7, 2009 7:39 PM | Permalink | Comments (2)
Promoting health reform, President Obama observed, “I just lost my grandmother last year. I know what it’s like to watch somebody you love who’s aging deteriorate, and have to struggle with that.”
My grandmother is 97. Widowed for a quarter century, she has endured broken hips and limbs, bouts of pneumonia, the loss of much of her hearing and sight, and the surgical savaging of her face to remove skin cancers. She left her home ten years ago, residing since in nursing facilities. These hardships suggest strength of character but cannot capture her life. Her experiences also evoke the challenge of providing long-term care amid debate over health costs, coverage, and quality.
The daughter of Latvian and Estonian immigrants, Grandma was a lifelong New Yorker until age 88. She was six when World War One ended. She graduated college in 1934 despite reversals to the family finances in the market crash and Depression. Not religious herself, she married an observantly Jewish man who had graduated high school and was in the cleaning-supplies business: my Grandpa.
The couple had three children, including my father. The death of his brother impelled Grandma to return to school and become an early childhood educator.
In the 1970s, Grandma and Grandpa hosted holidays: Thanksgiving, Passover, and a combination of New Year’s, Hanukah, and Christmas. This hybrid occasion suited our family of mixed heritage. After Grandpa died, Grandma often visited us.
My relationship with her deepened when I lived with her for a semester. She prepared our meals; I helped with chores. We played Scrabble — a game she’d taught me, over which we had countless conversations in affectionate competition. Later I moved to an apartment near hers. Sundays she hosted me for lunch. Sometimes we went to dinner or a concert, or Shakespeare in the Park.
Grandma spoke French and traveled alone to France. She sang show tunes and read fiction. Her butterscotch brownies were a savored source of cheer shipped to grandsons. She baby-sat and knitted, for extra income and to be with children and pursue a craft. She was frugal yet charitable. She had a sharp sense of humor and treasured friends of all ages.
She was urbane but endearingly naive. Told of the Patriots’ appearance in the 1986 Super Bowl, Grandma asked, “Will that be on television?”
Her falls and fractures were both symptoms and causes of increasing difficulty living alone. After months with a visiting nurse, Grandma moved to an assisted-living center. We had Thanksgiving at a restaurant. Soon she moved to a nursing home near my parents, initially as one of the most robust residents. Now she cannot walk without assistance, or communicate clearly, or feed herself.
Her deterioration and loss of independence are ever more common. The gift of long life comes with conditions. No family is immune as loved ones fade almost beyond recognition.
* * * *
According to a 2009 AARP report, the population age 85 or older will increase 74% between 2007 and 2030, and a further 118% by 2050. Medicaid spending on long-term care was $97 billion in 2007; 34 million adults provided unpaid care.
The House health bill was to allow Medicare coverage for optional consultations on life-sustaining treatment and “end-of-life services.” Medicare officials would propose ways to measure quality of end-of-life care. Doctors would have incentives to report the data.
Controversy over end-of-life planning has obscured dilemmas of extreme aging: cushioning decline with dignity, without overwhelming expense.
As with Grandma at an earlier stage, home health care is part of the solution — for quality of life and cost control. The Bureau of Labor Statistics finds home health care employment rising at an annual rate of 5 percent.
Having voted for FDR decades ago, Grandma would have supported Barack Obama’s efforts to strengthen America’s social contract in a way fiscally responsible — and fair across generations — over the long term. Social Security, Medicare, and her eroding savings have enabled this former preschool teacher to receive nursing care. My parents have advocated for that care. This has slowed her decline, giving her and us some comfort.
Grandma attended my high-school and college graduations but was too frail by my wedding. Today her nursing-home room is stacked with copies of the New Yorker she can’t read, near a radio she can’t hear.
Even in her weakened, isolated and confused state, Grandma has lucid and joyful flashes. She appreciates meals, visits, kisses. She smiles at a glimpse of her great-grandchildren.
I miss her already. I will teach my kids Scrabble, as she taught me, and to cherish their grandparents.
Josiah H. Brown lives in New Haven with his wife and their two young children.
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Comments
Posted by: concrenedwestvilleres
| September 8, 2009 12:04 PM
Long-term care and end of life decisions are important. However, having Medicare and Medicaid pay for these services is an invitation to fraud which is already rampant in the system. How many times will dishonest doctors bill for consultations that don't occur. Also, part of a doctor's services should include advising as to treatments and options. My doctors don't charge for telling me I need to lose weight or I am losing my hearing or I have this or that problem. It is part of the appointment.
This country needs healthcare reform that reduces costs as well as provides for the needs of an aging population. For example, tort reform that protects a doctor from being sued for a legitimate mistake and makes those that are truly negligent and incompetent suffer consequences. Today people sue for every mistake and whether they win or not it runs up the costs of malpractice insurance and results in defensive medicine. Reduce legal costs and defensive medicine and costs are cut. A second area is the overwhelming debt that medical students incur in becoming a doctor. Maybe the government can include loan forgiveness for practicing in disadvantaged urban or rural areas or even pro-bono work for the poor. The next area is supply of doctors. There is a shortage especially in primary care. Adding millions to the patient rolls will only increase costs as supply is not there to meet demand. Possibly offering free tuition to help increase supply in exchange for working in disadvantaged areas on a salary could be a helpful partnership. Also targeting financial aid towards those areas of medicine where supply is down (OB-GYN, Primary Care, Geriatrics, etc.). An additonal way to increase supply is to have doctors practice primary care while also having training in a specialty (i.e. a internal medicine doctor who also has a specialty in cardiology could help). Another step to reduce costs is to change the delivery method. Stop insurance for every doctor visit. Require employers to put a percentage of payroll into HSAs which would help cover the costs of routine medical visits (i.e. the flu, not feeling well, etc.). Have insurance for hospitalization, devastating diseases (ALS, MS, Parkinsons, Heart disease, Cancer)treatments. Also require insurance at an early age (25) for everyone. The money saved in early years could pay claims in later years.
There are many ways to reform the system and the reform must include end of life as well as cost reductions. Unfortunately our political system is so bad that it is hard to do properly.
Posted by: Concerned Citizen | September 8, 2009 11:58 PM
Thanks to Josiah Brown for his very sensible piece on the total cost of aging. If many of us are lucky, we will get there. However, from the way the US health care system works now, and especially here in CT, getting past where we can function independently might not be something to look forward to.
One of the benefits of having grand and great-grandparents around for a long time is the remarkable way they teach without preaching. If we are alert, we can benefit from many lessons. As a society, we tend not to value or even notice many of these rich lessons; they are often priceless. We who have had the good fortune to have in our lives (into adulthood) wonderful grand- and great-grandparents are often better parents ourselves. Mistakes are often the building blocks of wisdom. That wisdom is most often passed on to grandchildren because children are more resistant until it is too late. That is what is happening to us as a society. We are missing the entire forest because we are too busy trying to count the trees.
The "concrenedwestvilleres" writer has made some good suggestions; the point is - most of those are already a part of the package med students get if they practice in certain areas, and go into certain specialities. This is a BIG part of the health reform debacle. People are objecting to things they know very little about. The fact that something is challenging and complicated is NOT a good reason not to fix it. If we do not fix it now, it will only get worst. Where would we be today without Medicare, Medicaid & HUSKY?
In the mid 60's there was outrage about Medicare. When President Johnson signed the Medicare Bill in 1965 many of those who protested the most are the ones who are today enjoying the benefits of Medicare and don't know how they could ever live today without it. Ask those Republicans who are objecting to a socalled govt-run health plan - how many of them would give up the plan they have? Who pays for their plan? Why did John McCain go to govt-run Walter Reed Hosp to take care of his skin cancer rather than to his private doctor in Arizona? So many of those opposing a public option use one whenever they need the best in health care treatment!
The far "Right" has been using the rhetoric of assertion most liberally; they do not care if there isn't even an ounce of truth in what they say. In fact, they are confident that their lies -- if asserted loudly and boldly enough-- will be accepted and responded to "positively" They do not have to worry about fact-checking. They count on most of us behaving like lemmings. We see it in those town meetings. We are supposed to be a civilized society. Let us be rational and thoughtful. We NEED health care reform. We need a humane and civilized way to keep our citizens healthy. I would like to see more emphasis placed on personal responsibility in terms of lifestyle & behaviors. Tobacco growers need to retool and find a more healthy way to earn a living. The insurance companies need to start being in the insurance business than in the denial and ripp-off business. Whatever happened to ethics in business? Ask AIG, Pfizer, Merck.
For the rest of us -- let us think carefully; let us think longer term; let us think about our total society, not just ourselves. If there are blighted trees throughout the forest it will eventually die. We need healthy informed citizens. We are number one in many things, but we are far behind in health care outcomes among civilized countries. According to the World Health Organization:
"The U.S. health system spends a higher portion of its gross domestic product than any other country but ranks 37 out of 191 countries according to its performance, the report finds. The United Kingdom, which spends just six percent of GDP on health services, ranks 18 th. Several small countries - San Marino, Andorra, Malta and Singapore are rated close behind second- placed Italy." We CAN do better than this.
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